Accounting – Concepts and Conventions

History Of Oppressed Groups

History Of Oppressed Groups Talk about how mistreatment identified with your picked territory can show itself in foundations and social orders, and how it can affect on the lives of people and networks. Consider and make explicit reference to the social arrangement reaction. The term mistreatment isn't easy to characterize. It is mind boggling and can take various structures. Now and again it is unmistakably noticeable and at different occasions increasingly unobtrusive and hard to distinguish. The motivation behind this examination will be to investigate mistreatment and how it can show itself in foundations and social orders and how it can affect on the lives of people and networks. So as to investigate persecution this exploration will utilize individuals with a learning handicap at its core interest. Initially this exploration will take a gander at what persecution is and how mistreatment of individuals with learning handicaps has come to show itself in foundations and social orders. This examination will at that point investigate the abuse looked by individuals with a learning inability and the enactment that challenges persecution. Hypothesis, for example, Thompsons (2006) PCS model will be investigated so as to help a comprehension of how abuse an d separation work inside society. At long last this examination will investigate vales and morals important to advance enemy of severe practice. All through the task a social arrangement reaction to mistreatment will be thought of. Thompson (2006) depicts persecution as the barbaric or corrupting treatment of people or gatherings. It is the treacherous and out of line treatment of these people or gatherings of individuals through the pessimistic and debasing activity of intensity, both exclusively and fundamentally (Thomas and Wood: 46). Force is utilized to actualize out of line decisions, frequently broadly, over explicit individuals or gatherings inside society (Thomas and Wood: 46). At an individual level abuse can prompt dampening and an absence of confidence, while at a basic level it can prompt the refusal of rights and citizenship (Dalrymple advertisement Burke 2006: 121). Any components which may see an individual as being unique in relation to the lion's share increment the chance of persecution. Separation and mistreatment are frequently discovered when thinking about individuals with learning handicaps. This could be because of the disarray between psychological maladjustment and learning handicap and furthermore the route individuals with a learning inability have been seen after some time (Thomas and Woods 2003: 49). Thompson recommends a four section models that can be utilized to educate institutional and cultural perspectives and furnish a comprehension of how individuals with learning inabilities are seen (Thompson 1997: 151). The four models incorporate the danger to society model, the clinical model, the oddity model and the extraordinary needs model. Thompson (1997) features that the primary model outlines the dominant part perspective on society toward the start of the twentieth century. Social and social builds show themselves in a dread of anomaly according to incapacity (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 17). This cultural view accepted that individuals with phys ical or learning handicaps ought to be contained in extraordinary establishments as they were a danger to society. This model prompted the clinical model which had faith in utilizing a logical way to deal with oversee individuals and control and contain what society saw as strange conduct (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 14). The clinical model got transcendent in wellbeing and social consideration and clashes between the clinical model and social model are as yet obvious in social arrangement for defenseless gatherings (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 14). The third model Thompson proposes which can be utilized to advise institutional and cultural perspectives which furnish a comprehension of how individuals with learning handicaps are seen is the oddity model. This model is the estimation of clinical impedance and the capacity to accomplish scholastically (Thomas and Wood 2003: 49). An IQ test was concocted to be utilized to analyze a learning incapacity and to recognize whether t he IQ level was underneath typical (70), in the event that it was beneath ordinary oddity was analyzed featuring contrasts prompting persecution (Thomas and Wood 2003: 49). The last model Thompson utilized in increasing a comprehension of how individuals with a learning inability are seen is the uncommon needs model. This model thinks about coordination into society however depends on the recognizable proof of the extraordinary needs of the individual (Thomas and Wood 2003: 49). By utilizing this model, like the oddity model, people groups contrasts are featured, making mix into society increasingly troublesome. Joining into society is troublesome because of the way that individuals are fitted into society and society doesn't adjust or change to oblige them (Thomas and Wood 2003: 49). Thomson recommends that components of every one of these models may influence current cultural mentalities. Each could have its influence in clarifying the explanation behind segregation and mistreatme nt towards individuals with a learning incapacity. What every one of these models share practically speaking is an inclination to minimize and weaken, to a more prominent or lesser degree, individuals with a clinical impedance (Thomson 1997: 152). As referenced before the clinical model and social model for understanding individuals with learning inabilities is still in strife. Truly viewpoints on fix, research and treatment have intensely impacted how handicapped individuals are seen and treated inside society (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 59). The emphasis on the clinical model as opposed to the social model can be found in language up until as of late. Terms, for example, spastic and retard can be found in approach and clinical techniques all through the nineteenth and twentieth hundreds of years suggesting absence of capacity and along these lines absence of worth (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 259). The clinical model appears to concentrate for the most part on the weakness and overlook how society strengthens hindrances for crippled individuals thus the social model of handicap developed (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 260). From the social model point of view it is society and structures that are the more huge iss ue as opposed to the sickness or incapacity itself (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 261). The media is an amazing foundation for molding cultural perspectives and keeps on depicting individuals with learning inabilities adversely which significantly adds to basic disparities and mistreatment (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 262). The Marxist viewpoint on human science saw the modern transformation and the ascent of free enterprise as expanding across the board social persecution. With work power as of now observed as such an enormous ware and as society is about the connection among capital and work, the incapacitated individual is of no utilization or worth (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 262). Learning incapacity made it hard to work which prompted organization and isolation. Measurements show that less than 5,000 impaired individuals in England were limited to refuges yet by the 1900s this had expanded to 74,000 (http://www.isj.org.uk/?id=702). Mistreatment from this point of vi ew must be tested by taking a gander at key basic issues, for example, political or monetary associations, the media and regions, for example, work (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 261). It is these obstructions to interest in the public arena as opposed to the handicap itself that prompts cultural and institutional far reaching mistreatment of people and networks (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 261). The social model of inability dismisses the clinical model expressing that it is society that causes incapacity not hindrance (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 262). Having investigated how abuse of individuals with learning incapacities has sociologically evolved after some time and the kinds of mistreatment looked by individuals with learning handicaps, this exploration will currently investigate enactment which moves persecution and endeavors to advance enemy of abusive practice and strengthening. The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 was acquainted with mitigate separation on the grounds of incapacity. Handicap in this Act is characterized as physical or mental disability which has a considerable and long haul unfriendly impact on capacity to complete ordinary everyday exercises (Brayne and Martin 1997: 416). This Act makes enactment which considers segregation on grounds of handicap in business unlawful with the exception of specific conditions, for example, the police or military and features rules of how incapacitated individuals ought to be treated busy working or in spots of instruction (Thomas and Wood 2003: 52). The Human Rights Act 1 998 was made to endeavor to advance individual rights. For individuals with learning inabilities this implies the Act may assist them with living completely and openly, on equivalent footing with non-impaired individuals (Thomas and Wood 2003: 52). As far as financial matters The Independent Living Fund and the Community Care Act 1996 mean to assist handicapped with peopling to control and sort out their own consideration and spending plans (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 259). Crippled individuals have gotten more politicized and crusaded for change, a model being the Disability Rights Commission which advocates for a rights to free living (Llewellyn, Agu and Mercer 2008: 264). The Adults with Incapacity Act 2000 presents another method of supporting grown-ups who don't have the ability to settle on choices for themselves because of debilitation (Thomas and Woods 2003: 53). This Act understands that albeit some mind boggling choices will be unable to be settled on other progressiv ely basic and clear decisions can be. The Act empowers grown-ups with insufficiency to augment their own capacity, support the advancement of new aptitudes and guarantee that whichever mediation is given is the least meddling conceivable (Thomas and Woods 2003: 54). There is a lot of constraint inside enactment through shortcomings of wording and confined execution which doesn't generally reflect hostile to harsh practice towards individuals with a learning incapacity, anyway when utilized decidedly the law can b

4 Country Writers I Wish Had Garth Brooks Other Book Deals

4 Country Writers I Wish Had Garth Brooks’ Other Book Deals Garth Brooks recently released Garth Brooks Anthology: The First Five Years. Which makes sense. Brooks is maybe the most famous country music star of the last thirty years, so it’s not a surprise that he’s telling the story of how some of that happened. Plus, Brooks’s song-writing suggests he’s a pretty good storyteller, so the new book is probably pretty good. Except, here’s the thing: Brooks doesn’t have a deal for one book. He has a FIVE BOOK memoir deal. This new book is just the first one. And as much as I like hearing “The Thunder Rolls” or “Friends in Low Places” shuffle up on Spotify, five books seems a little excessive. There’s only one living country artist who deserves five books to tell her story, and it ain’t Garth Brooks. (You can probably guess who it is, but if not, stay tuned.) I can’t stop thinking about ways I think those other four books could be better used. And yes, I know that’s not how publishing works, but for the purposes of this post, I don’t care. Let’s pretend we can spread the wealth. All due respect to Garth Brooks, here are the country music songwriters I’d rather have filling out the slots in Garth’s multi-book deal. Natalie Maines, Martie Erwin Maguire, and Emily Erwin Robinson Better known as the Dixie Chicks, these three women made up one of the most successful bandsâ€"in any genreâ€"of the late 1990s and early 2000s. That success imploded when, in the run-up to the United States invasion of Iraq in 2003, Maines told a London audience “We dont want this war, this violence, and were ashamed that the President of the United States is from Texas.” The band was essentially blacklisted from country radio, and that impact is still cited today in discussions of why country musicians are so hesitant to take a stand on political issues. Taking the Long Way, the Grammy-award-winning album that was partly inspired by the controversy, tells some part of the story of what these three women went through in the three years between when Maines spoke out against the invasion of Iraq and the release of the album. But there’s a story beyond that album, and I want themâ€"or at least one of themâ€"to get the chance tell it in a book. Alice Randall A couple of months ago, I read an essay by Alice Randall in  the anthology  Woman Walk The Line. It was an appreciation of Lil Hardin, but it blended information about Hardin with stories and insights from Randalls own life, and it wasn’t just fascinatingâ€"it was unique. Randall writes thoughtfully about the influence of black women in country music, a topic it can be hard to find anyone writing about at all, and it’s disappointing how few of us know that Randall is one of those women. Randall is  the  only person on this list who isn’t an established performer, but shes had significant success in the industry, particularly in  the  1990s when she wrote for Trisha Yearwood and published Garth Brooks. “XXXs and OOO’s (An American Girl),” which Yearwood performed and Randall co-wrote with Matraca Berg, hit number one on the charts in 1994, making Randall the first African-American woman to co-write a number-one  country  hit. But it’s Randall’s insight, knowledge, and writing skill that make me want to read more history from her. She’s already written three novels, most famously The Wind Done Gone, but I’d love to read more about her perspective on Nashville and the country music industry. Brandy Clark There’s a lot of stuff about Brandy Clark that’s just plain interesting, not the least of which is that she’s one of the only female artists on the country radar these days who’s above the age of 40. But the reason I want her to write a book is that she’s one of my favorite writers across any medium of storytelling. Her songs are as carefully crafted as literary fiction, using every tool a writer hasâ€"from point of view to humorâ€"to connect her audience to her protagonists and plot lines. One of the great examples is the way she uses tense in her ballads. Unlike better-known country tear-jerkers like “He Stopped Loving Her Today” or “Whiskey Lullaby,” when Clark writes heartbreak or struggle in songs like “Since You’ve Gone to Heaven” and “Three Kids No Husband,” she writes in the present tense. Her characters aren’t past anything or on the outside looking in; their pain tied into the current reality of their lives. These kinds of specific style decisions make Clark’s albumsâ€"and the songs she’s written for othersâ€"awfully interesting to listen to. I’d love to know what she’d do with a book. Any book, any genre. Dolly Parton To be fair, Dolly Parton has already written a book. A few of them, actually: couple of children’s books and even a mid-90s memoir which is no longer in print and isn’t available on ebook. She also expanded a 2009 commencement address to become essentially a short advice/inspirational book published in 2012 called Dream More. (The audiobook of it features Dolly occasionally breaking into song, and needless to say, it is delightful.) Parton has also told many of her stories in song, so maybe it’s not fair to ask more of her. But it seems to me that in addition to some fantastic stories, Dolly is likely to have some really interesting advice. She’s a major icon in the United States, and not just in country or entertainment. She’s a writer, a businesswoman, an entertainer, a philanthropist, and she’s dominated for decades in multiple fields that are still mired in sexism. She’s done it while fully embracing her femininity and identity. Plus, she knows from booksâ€"her Imagination Library has given out nearly 100,000,000 books to children on three continents. If there’s anyone in country music that could fill five books with stories and lessons and not waste a single page, it’s Dolly Parton. But I’d settle for one really good tell-all. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

The concept of social identity, social class,gender and...

Social Identity is the understanding of who we are, and reciprocally, other peoples understanding of themselves. Richard Jenkins believed that this social identity is achieved through socialization within social groups. He argued that by placing themselves in the role of others, people, particularly children, gain a greater understanding of the role that they should play. For example, a six-year-old girl playing mommy with her dolls will, as she gets into the role, begin to understand what a mother expects from a daughter and will, in response, be able to perform her own role as a daughter better. This is known as the play stage. Identity taking or role-playing is, according to Tony Bilton, the primary way in which individuals creates†¦show more content†¦However various people have proved such expectations wrong. Ann Oakley (1972) firmly believed that the culture of a society is what determines the type of behaviour displayed by the sexes. I believe that that assumption is right. If one compared the behaviour of a woman in India to that of a woman living in North America one would certainly notice a huge difference in behaviour. The constant demand of liberty for all helps to form females identity in North America. They demand and get freedom of speech; movement and can occupy any job in society. This is not the case with Indian women. Not only when born is a girl considered a liability but she is also treated as inferior to the male of the species. In many cases, Indian women are viewed as possessions. As in the example of the Pakistani girl, possessions can be tampered with to teach lessons to the offending family. It is kind of like stealing cattle with the knowledge that the person who owns it will feel upset because they intended to kill it and get some meat. Because of this type of treatment, Indian women tend to be more timid and probably consider an American woman bold. They would not dream of interrupting a man while he is speaking far less disagreeing with him, certain jobs are closed to them and their world would more or less revolve around keeping their husbands and families happy. The realization ofShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Identity? Who Defines Such, And How Is It Constructed?1570 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is identity? Who defines such, and how is it constructed? The Oxford English dictionary, describes identity as â€Å"being who, or what a person is, and the characteristics determining who, or what that person is.† But, identity is much more complex than its dictionary definition. Although the word â€Å"identity† is used correctly in everyday discourse, its meaning is not captured by the definition. Identity has a double sense, it can refer to one’s self, a personal identity; but at the same timeRead MoreSocial Stratification : Social Class, Ethnicity, Age, And Gender1074 Words   |  5 Pages It is in the human nature to be social beings, and have a social identity. Social stratification is the organization of individuals into social groups based on their access to basic needs. Aspects that affect social stratification are wealth, power, and prestige. Wealth is the amount of currency or goods that an individual or family owns. This can include money, houses, livestock, etc. Power is the ability for one to achieve their goals regardless of opposition. Wealth is directly related toRead MoreEssay about Educational Achievement and Development1338 Words   |  6 Pagesin developing their individual identity. In many cases there are contributing issues that not only hinder, but can dramatically affect a child’s educational achievement and development; but also i mpacts negatively on their childhood experience. These contributing factors consist of a person’s class, their gender and/or their race and ethnicity; which no child has the ability to change at such a young and impressionable age. The issue of race, ethnicity and gender are essentially a part of a person’sRead MoreGender, Race, And Ethnicity And Power Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagessociety, others may differ in an negative aspect. In this socio-autobiography, I argue that the society is an nightmare as humans develop a whole range of complex sociological concepts. The following paragraphs will explain the struggle of my life experiences being influenced by using the concepts of gender, race and ethnicity and power. My journey began the moment I entered the world on May 25, 1996. I was born and raised in a small developed country called New Zealand. At birth, my biologicalRead MoreGiving An Education By Adrienne Rich Essay1459 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding of their history, however, education cannot provide the necessary means in order to live life actively and allow women to become committed to themselves. In Adrienne Rich’s piece titled â€Å"Claiming an Education†, Rich delves into this concept of having women as subjects. She explains that although the presence of women’s studies reflects a bold perspective and exhibits a great way to gain a critical basis for their experiences, it is just as important as â€Å"taking responsibility towardsRead MoreRace And Ethnicity : Biological And Sociological Factors980 Words   |  4 PagesRace and Ethnicity both relate to biological and sociological factors respectively, and even though they can overlap, they are distinct. The term race refers to the concept of dividing people into populations or groups on the basis of various sets of physical characteristics (which usually result from genetic ancestry). Race presumes shared biological or genetic traits, whether actual or asserted and the category to which others assign individuals on the basis of physical characteristics. Races areRead MoreRace And Ethnicity : Biological And Sociological Factors957 Words   |  4 PagesRace and Ethnicity both relates to biological and sociological factors respectively and even though they can overlap, they are distinct. The term race refers to the concept of dividing people into populations or groups on the basis of various sets of physical characteristics (which usually result from genetic ancestry). Race presumes shared biological or genetic traits, whether actual or asserted and the category to which others assign individuals on the basis of physical characteristics. Races areRead MoreThe Presentation Of The Self By Irving Goffman1167 Words   |  5 Pages The sociological concept ‘dramaturgy’, was developed by Irving Goffman (1922 – 1982) and initially used in his book The Presentation of the Self (1959). The concept was also a feature of subsequent works Behavior in Public Places (1963) and Interaction Rituals (1967), where the focus was on interaction and social scene rather than self-presentation and identity work. Dramaturgy uses the theatre as an extended metaphor to explain how people perform a variety of social roles, like actors in a playRead MoreEssay about Race and Ethnicity in Social Sciences877 Words   |  4 PagesUse of the Terms Race and Ethnicity in the Social Sciences Defining identity can be complex and therefore we have to investigate the factors involved that make us who we are and how we are seen by others, collectively or individually. Social scientists have to consider the key elements which shape identity, the importance of social structures and agency involved. The differences and/or similarities between us are the focus that categorise and label us in society. Knowing who we are is importantRead MoreSociological Accounts on Individuals Acquiring Their Identities591 Words   |  3 PagesSociological Accounts on Individuals Acquiring Their Identities The concept of identity has been defined as A sense of self that develops as the child differentiates from parents and family and takes a place in society (Jary and Jary, 1991.) Through the process of socialization, individuals acquire their identities, but this issue cause different understandings according to sociological accounts. Here, I will show these accounts, and make an analysis understood by

How Have Cell Phones Changed Our Society Research Paper

- 1 - Alexia Corbett 3-12-2009 CELLULAR PHONES INFLUENCE(s) AND IMPACT(s) ON SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS This paper seeks to explore how cellular phones (cell phones/mobiles) have influenced and impacted social interactions and interpersonal relationships. There have been a number of suggested theories and studies that have been contributed to the rising popularity and commonality of cell phones as to how they are affecting the way individuals are interacting in society. Some of these include, a change in the concept of time and space (Fortunati, 2002), lack of face-to-face interaction (Thompson and Cupples, 2008), the maintenance of relationships, social absences, and social dependency (Reid†¦show more content†¦The Change of Space and Time/Proximal Relationships Since the 18 th century, the idea of using the telephone has always been a fixed mentality in regards to accessibility. The phone was located at a fixed location, usually in a home or office, and you would have to be in that location where the phone was in order to be able to receive an d answer incoming phone calls. This bore the concept of â€Å"sitting and waiting by the phone† for someone to call, since at one time it was the only option. With the development of technologies, there have been ways to alter this mentality; there was the creation of the answering machine, which allowed for you to access messages from missed phone calls when you returned home, which did not always allow for a prompt relay of a message nor reply, and more recently the creation and distribution of the cellular phone. Cellular phones have taken this concept and spun it around on itself. With the development of cellular phones, individuals are able to remain in close and instantaneous contact with members of their social network regardless of where they are in the world. In addition to keeping up with social relationships, individuals have also been able to increase productivity with their work because they can be hundreds of miles away from the office, and still have instant a ccess to theirShow MoreRelatedHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially1503 Words   |  7 PagesHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially Having a cell phone is very convenient and helpful most of the time. They are great for emergencies, but not everyone knows of the potential negative impacts these phones have on our lives. In the past several years there have been numerous studies looking into the problems, which cell phone cause. This paper will show how the cell phone has had a dynamic impact on social interactions in today’s society. First it will show the point of having a cellular phoneRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Today s Society862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Rapid Change in Technology According to Mail Online, the average person looks at their phone approximately 110 times a day. Whether it is to check a message, make a call, or check the time, 110 times a day seems a bit excessive. Primarily starting in the 1980s, technology has changed dramatically and rather quickly. It has changed from telephones to cell phones, computers to laptops, emailing to text messaging, CD players to iPod, and cable television to Smart TVs; technology is rapidly improvingRead MoreThe Technology of Cellphones1164 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ The mobile phone is making more significant changes to people’s lifestyles in contemporary times than the landline equivalent did in an earlier era. The technology of a telephone on the move has made a more significant impact on today’s society as compared to the impact made by landlines in an earlier era. A survey carried out in 2010 by UK Imperial College London, identified more than six billion users of mobile phones worldwide. Most of them have used both a mobile and a landline andRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Our Society1620 Words   |  7 Pagesabilities. In the society nowadays, technologies are the center of connecting with people all over the world and impact our society in a big way. If we look back thirty years ago, not everyone had all of new technologies and knew an idea of getting information at anytime and anywhere from a World Wide Web. Because of these technologies, people have opportunities to improving their knowledge of world via Internet technology and to communicate with people from all corners of world. Smart phone are the fastRead MoreTeens as Victims of Cyberbullying1482 Words   |   6 Pages â€Å"Around half of teens have been the victims of cyber bullies,† Richard Webster from the â€Å"Cyber bullying is when a person or a group is trying to embarrass and harm or intimidate those who are weaker than them†. â€Å"Cyber bullying to texting: What’s on your kids ‘Cell?† What is cyber bullying? The Stop bullying Organization explains what the meaning of cyber bullying is. Cyber bullies are able to use cells phones and the internet to make it very easy bully other people. Lawmakers and Schools shouldRead MoreDriving A Vehicle While Texting1745 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction We currently live in a society where technology has become a necessity, more specifically, cell phones have become essential and people go crazy when they are without this particular device. This obsession with our cellular devices has caused many deaths, affected our form of communication with others, and making us stupider. Driving a vehicle while texting is six times more dangerous than driving while intoxicated according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)Read MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Technology1370 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology has changed modern society drastically, both positively and negatively. Technology has influenced every aspect of our life, making it simpler but not necessarily better. Albert Einstein was concerned about the advancement of technology. I fear the day that technology will surpass our human interaction.1 Undoubtedly, what has changed the most are communication, the spread of information, and how business is practiced. Consequently, practically everyone knows how to use a computer, connectRead MoreCell phones How have they changed us socially?1632 Words   |  7 PagesDoes cell phone use really affect our communication skills? Cartoon by Izzy Peterson by Erin Stewart, Editor November 25, 2013 Filed under Fall 2013, Story Cycle 4, Features, Opinion, Showcase The short URL of the present article is: http://lhslance.org/bKUbA We live in a world where communication through modern technology is almost required. Everywhere people are texting, emailing, writing blogs and tweeting. It’s hard to go anywhere without seeing someone using a phone or the InternetRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Society Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesHave you ever wondered what would the world resemble in the event that we didn t have any cell phones? Why is it that we get out of our comfort zone when we do not have access to our phones? Nowadays, cell phones have such a noteworthy effect on our day to day lives, and we owe it to the advancement of technology. In this research paper, we will take a closer look at this phenomenon by examining the evolution of cell phone devices, and it’s effects on society. Cell phones, as we know them haven’tRead MoreTelephone Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesCan you imagine how different life would be if the telephone was never invented? One of the most powerful, and controversial, inventions has been that of the telephone. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone, had no idea that what he invented would eventually change the world. The advancement of telephones has impacted the growth in the telecommunication field and has helped people around the world stay connected. Before this technology was invented, it was very difficult for

Dothea Orem Self-Care Theory Free Essays

Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Theory This page was last updated on February 4, 2012 INTRODUCTION †¢Theorist : Dorothea Orem (1914-2007) †¢Born 1914 in Baltimore, US †¢Earned her diploma at Providence Hospital – Washington, DC †¢1939 – BSN Ed. , Catholic University of America †¢1945 – MSN Ed. , Catholic University of America †¢She worked as a staff nurse, private duty nurse, nurse educator and administrator and nurse consultant. We will write a custom essay sample on Dothea Orem Self-Care Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢Received honorary Doctor of Science degree in 1976. †¢Theory was first published in Nursing: Concepts of Practice in 1971, second in 1980, in 1995, and 2001. MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS †¢People should be self-reliant and responsible for their own care and others in their family needing care †¢People are distinct individuals †¢Nursing is a form of action – interaction between two or more persons †¢Successfully meeting universal and development self-care requisites is an important component of primary care prevention and ill health †¢A person’s knowledge of potential health problems is necessary for promoting self-care behaviors †¢Self care and dependent care are behaviors learned within a socio-cultural context DEFINITIONS OF DOMAIN CONCEPTS Nursing – is art, a helping service, and a technology †¢Actions deliberately selected and performed by nurses to help individuals or groups under their care to maintain or change conditions in themselves or their environments †¢Encompasses the patient’s perspective of health condition ,the physician’s perspective , and the nursing perspective †¢Goal of nursing – to render the patient or members of his family capable of meeting the patient’s self care needs †¢To maintain a state of health To regain normal or near normal state of health in the event of disease or injury †¢To stabilize ,control ,or minimize the effects of chronic poor health or disability Health – health and healthy are terms used to describe living things †¦ †¢It is when they are structurally and functionally whole or sound †¦ wholeness or integrity. .includes that which makes a person human,†¦operating in conjunction with physiologi cal and psychophysiological mechanisms and a material structure and in relation to and interacting with other human beings Environment environment components are enthronement factors, enthronement elements, conditions, and developed environment Human being – has the capacity to reflect, symbolize and use symbols †¢Conceptualized as a total being with universal, developmental needs and capable of continuous self care †¢A unity that can function biologically, symbolically and socially Nursing client †¢A human being who has â€Å"health related /health derived limitations that render him incapable of continuous self care or dependent care or limitations that result in ineffective / incomplete care. A human being is the focus of nursing only when a self –care requisites exceeds self care capabilities Nursing problem †¢deficits in universal, developmental, and health derived or health related conditions Nursing process †¢a system to determine (1)wh y a person is under care (2)a plan for care ,(3)the implementation of care Nursing therapeutics †¢deliberate, systematic and purposeful action, OREM’S GENERAL THEORY OF NURSING Orem’s general theory of nursing in three related parts:- †¢Theory of self care Theory of self care deficit †¢Theory of nursing system A. Theory of Self Care This theory Includes: †¢Self care – practice of activities that individual initiates and perform on their own behalf in maintaining life ,health and well being †¢Self care agency – is a human ability which is â€Å"the ability for engaging in self care† -conditioned by age developmental state, life experience sociocultural orientation health and available resources †¢Therapeutic self care demand – â€Å"totality of self care actions to be performed for some uration in order to meet self care requisites by using valid methods and related sets of operations and actions† †¢S elf care requisites – action directed towards provision of self care. 3 categories of self care requisites are- oUniversal self care requisites oDevelopmental self care requisites oHealth deviation self care requisites 1. Universal self care requisites †¢Associated with life processes and the maintenance of the integrity of human structure and functioning †¢Common to all , ADL †¢Identifies these requisites as: oMaintenance of sufficient intake of air ,water, food Provision of care assoc with elimination process oBalance between activity and rest, between solitude and social interaction oPrevention of hazards to human life well being and oPromotion of human functioning 2. Developmental self care requisites †¢Associated with developmental processes/ derived from a condition†¦. Or associated with an event oE. g. adjusting to a new job oadjusting to body changes 3. Health deviation self care †¢Required in conditions of illness, injury, or disease . t hese include:– †¢Seeking and securing appropriate medical assistance Being aware of and attending to the effects and results of pathologic conditions †¢Effectively carrying out medically prescribed measures †¢Modifying self concepts in accepting oneself as being in a particular state of health and in specific forms of health care †¢Learning to live with effects of pathologic conditions B. Theory of self care deficit †¢Specifies when nursing is needed †¢Nursing is required when an adult (or in the case of a dependent, the parent) is incapable or limited in the provision of continuous effective self care. Orem identifies 5 methods of helping: oActing for and doing for others oGuiding others oSupporting another oProviding an environment promoting personal development in relation to meet future demands oTeaching another C. Theory of Nursing Systems †¢Describes how the patient’s self care needs will be met by the nurse , the patient, or both †¢Identifies 3 classifications of nursing system to meet the self care requisites of the patient:- †¢Wholly compensatory system †¢Partly compensatory system †¢Supportive – educative system †¢Design and elements of nursing system define Scope of nursing responsibility in health care situations †¢General and specific roles of nurses and patients †¢Reasons for nurses’ relationship with patients and †¢Orem recognized that specialized technologies are usually developed by members of the health profession †¢A technology is systematized information about a process or a method for affecti ng some desired result through deliberate practical endeavor, with or without use of materials or instruments. Categories of technologies 1. Social or interpersonal †¢Communication adjusted to age, health status Maintaining interpersonal, intra group or inter group relations for coordination of efforts †¢Maintaining therapeutic relationship in light of psychosocial modes of functioning in health and disease †¢Giving human assistance adapted to human needs ,action abilities and limitations 2. Regulatory technologies †¢Maintaining and promoting life processes †¢Regulating psycho physiological modes of functioning in health and disease †¢Promoting human growth and development †¢Regulating position and movement in space OREM’S THEORY AND NURSING PROCESS †¢Nursing process presents a method to determine the self care deficits and hen to define the roles of person or nurse to meet the self care demands. †¢The steps within the approach are considered to be the technical component of the nursing process. †¢Orem emphasizes that the technological component â€Å"must be coordinated with interpersonal and social processes within nursing situations. Nursing Process Orem’s Nursing Process †¢Assessment †¢Diagnosis and prescription; determine why nursing is needed. analyze and interpret –make judgment regarding care †¢Design of a nursing system and plan for delivery of care †¢Production and management of nursing systems Step 1-collect data in six areas:- †¢The person’s health status †¢The physician’s perspective of the person’s health status †¢The person’s perspective of his or her health †¢The health goals within the context of life history ,life style, and health status †¢The person’s requirements for self care †¢The person’s capacity to perform self care †¢Nursing diagnosis †¢Plans with scientific rationaleStep 2 †¢Nurse designs a system that is wholly or partly compensatory or supportive-educative. †¢The 2 actions are:- Bringing out a good organization of the components of patients’ therapeutic self care demands †¢Selection of combination of ways of helping that will be effective and efficient in compensating for/ overcoming patient’s self care deficits †¢Implementation †¢evaluationStep 3 †¢Nurse assists the patient or family in self care matters to achieve identified and described health and health related results. collecting evidence in evaluating results achieved against results specified in the nursing system design †¢Actions are directed by etiology component of nursing diagnosis †¢evaluation Application of Orem’s theory to nursing process Therapeutic self care demandAdequacy of self care agencyNursing diagnosisMethods of helping Air Maintain effective respiration Water No problem Food maintain sufficient intakeInadequate Adequate InadequatePotential for impaired respiratory status P F fluid imbalance Actual nutritional deficit r/t nauseaGuiding directing Teaching Providing physical support Hazards Prevent spouse abuse Promotion of normalcyInadequate InadequateP/F injury A/d in environment Shared housingPersonal development Guiding directing Guiding directing Maintain developmental environment Support  ¬ed normalcy in environment Prevent /manage dev threatInadequate InadequateActual delay in normal dev. R/T early parenthood Level of education Dev deficit r/t loss of reproductive organsGuiding directing Providing psy support Providing physical, psy support Maintenance of health status Management of disease process Inadequate InadequateP/F contd. alterations in health status P/F UTIGuiding directing, teaching Guiding directing, teaching Adherence to med regimen Awareness of potential problemsInadequate InadequateP/F ? dherence in self catheterization OPD RT Actual deficit in awareness of advisability of HRT RT effectsteaching teaching Adjust to loss of reproductive ability dev healthy view of illness Adjust life style to cope with change Inadequate InadequateActual threat to self image Actual self deficit in planning for future needs Providing psy support Guiding directing OREM’S WORK AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A THEORY â₠¬ ¢Orem’s theory ointerrelate concepts in such a way as to create a different way of looking at a particular phenomenon ois logical in nature. ois relatively simple yet generalizable ois basis for hypothesis that can be tested contribute to and assist in increasing the general body of knowledge within the discipline through the research implemented to validate them ocan be used by the practitioners to guide and improve their practice omust be consistent with other validated theories ,laws and principles Strengths †¢Provides a comprehensive base to nursing practice †¢It has utility for professional nursing in the areas of nursing practice nursing curricula ,nursing education administration ,and nursing research †¢Specifies when nursing is needed †¢Her self-care approach is contemporary with the concepts of health promotion and health maintenance Limitations In general system theory a system is viewed as a single whole thing while Orem defines a system as a single whole, thing. †¢Health is often viewed as dynamic and ever changing. †¢The theory is illness oriented. RESEARCH ON OREM’S THEORY 1. Self-care requirements for activity and rest: an Orem nursing focus 2. Nursing diagnoses in patients after heart catheterization–contribution of Orem 3. Self-care–the contribution of nursing sciences to health care 4. Self-care: a foundational science 5. Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory: its philosophic foundation and the state of the science 6. Dorothea E. Orem: thoughts on her theory . Orem’s theory in practice. Hospice nursing care 8. Solving the Orem mystery: an educational strategy 9. Orem’s family evaluation REFERENCES †¢Orem, D. E. (1991). Nursing: Concepts of practice (4th ed. ). St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book Inc. †¢Taylor, S. G. (2006). Dorthea E. Orem: Self-care deficit theory of nursing. In A. M. †¢Tomey, A. Alligood, M. (2002). Significance of theory for nursi ng as a discipline and profession. Nursing Theorists and their work. Mosby, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America. †¢Whelan, E. G. (1984). Analysis and application of Dorothea Orem’s Self-care Practuce Model. Retrieved October 31, 2006. †¢George B. Julia , Nursing Theories- The base for professional Nursing Practice, 3rd ed. Norwalk, Appleton Lange. †¢Wills M. Evelyn, McEwen Melanie (2002). Theoretical Basis for Nursing Philadelphia. Lippincott Williams wilkins. †¢Meleis Ibrahim Afaf (1997) , Theoretical Nursing : Development Progress 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott. †¢Taylor Carol,Lillis Carol (2001)The Art Science Of Nursing Care 4th ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott. †¢Potter A Patricia, Perry G Anne (1992) Fundamentals Of Nursing –Concepts Process Practice 3rd ed. London Mosby Year Book. How to cite Dothea Orem Self-Care Theory, Papers

Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints

This research explores the subject of public awareness of the issues of climate changes. In particular, the research focuses on the issues of the impact that global warming and big concentration of carbon have on human health and what possible decisions of these problems are. The research also considers questions of the importance of media and public interaction to address global climate change.Advertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This research can argue that â€Å"lexical creativity and lexical framing† (Nerlich and Koteyko 206) can influence greatly on the propagation of terms related to environmental issues and explanation of them. For example, it can promote public interaction and â€Å"conduct public discourses on global climate change† (Inglis 500) and raise peoples’ interests to such issues as the influence of a greenhouse effect and carbon in the air on human health. This study aims at drawing attention to the importance of media in evolving questions of global warming and its consequences (greenhouse effect). A sustainable work should be led to â€Å"put the issue of carbon mitigation into the public spotlight† (Nerlich and Koteyko 208). Certain steps had already been done in this direction as â€Å"most scientists now accept that climate change is a reality† (Brook 253). However, this questions still deserves great attention because according to the work by Gautier, Deutsch and Rebich, a majority of people, students in particular, have some â€Å"misconceptions about climate† (387). Consequently, there is a â€Å"knowledge gap† as, â€Å"public health officials are aware of the growing human risk associated with climate change† (Akerlof et. al. 2561). Thus, media should pay bigger attention to inform and explain issues rela ted to global climate change. One more important solution to the problem of peoples’ awareness of the global issues and comprehensive social changes is a â€Å"public interaction† (Inglis 501). Having analyzed the works mentioned above, we can come up to a conclusion that: one of the reasons of global warming is a big concentration of carbon in the air. As a result, we can observe a greenhouse effect that has a negative influence on peoples’ health. A major task of media and scientists is to join their forces and promote people’s awareness of these issues through different sources of information and public interaction. It can elevate peoples’ consciousness and encourage finding common solutions to the problems. Some steps have been taken to solve the problem. First, many the subjects concerning global climate change have been introduced to the curriculum of many educational establishments to raise students’ awareness of the climate change.Ad vertising Looking for annotated bibliography on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Second, the Kyoto Protocol that aims at preventing climate changes was signed. Third, the production of newsletters concerning a greenhouse effect sent to e-mails was developed. Finally, media was involved in the process of fighting against global warming while producing specialized articles and educational TV programs. Our research reveals the problem of public awareness of the influence of global climate change and its effect on human health. Thus, further work in this direction presupposes creating specialized classes and student conferences that would promote peoples’ interaction discussing problems of climate change. The production of more articles in scientific and non-scientific journals that would explain the issues in an appropriate language can also bring positive results and attract peoples’ attention to the problem. Works Cited Akerlof, Karen et. al. â€Å"Public Perceptions of Climate Change as a Human Health Risk: Surveys of the United States, Canada and Malta.† International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 7 (2010): 2559-2606. Web. Brook, Ryan K. â€Å"Ignoring the Elephant in the Room: The Carbon Footprint of Climate Change Research.† InfoNorth. 62. 1 (2009): 253–255. Gautier, Catherine, Katie Deutsch and Stacy Rebich. â€Å"Misconceptions About the Greenhouse Effect.† Journal of Geoscience Education. 54. 3 (2006): 386. Inglis, Jan. â€Å"Evolving to Address Global Climate Change and the Scale of Public Interactions.† World Futures 64.5-7 (2008): 498-502. Web. Nerlich, Brigitte and Koteyko, Nelya. â€Å"Carbon Reduction Activism in the UK: Lexical Creativity and Lexical Framing in the Context of Climate Change.† Environmental Communication. A Journal of Nature and Culture. 3: 2. (2009): 206 — 223.Advertis ing We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Working Bibliography Akerlof, Karen et. al. â€Å"Public Perceptions of Climate Change as a Human Health Risk: Surveys of the United States, Canada and Malta.† International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 7 (2010): 2559-2606. Web. Akerlof and others discusses the problem of influence of the global environmental changes on peoples’ health. Several surveys were conducted in the United States, Malta and Canada order to define how people perceive the global climate changes. It was defined that concerns about the climate changes grow. Moreover, people thing that the main reason of the majority of diseases related to heart, respiratory problems, cancer and infectious diseases is a global warming. During the research, it was discovered that global warmi ng influences greatly on elderly people and children. People in America sure that environmental changes are more dangerous in developing countries. The authors offer to mount public health communication initiative and inform people about consequences of diseases related to climate change. Brook, Ryan K. â€Å"Ignoring the Elephant in the Room: The Carbon Footprint of Climate Change Research.† InfoNorth. 62. 1 (2009): 253–255. The author of the article attracts attention to the question that global climate changes are the results of the human activity. He present the results of a Global Pole that only 41 % of people believe that global warming is the result of human activity and carbon emission. The author provides the opinion that people are aware of a danger of carbon emission, but nobody still does anything and that data gathering can have significant positive impact and solve the problem. Thus, Ryan Brook suggests making first steps to reduce the carbon omission. Fo r this purpose, he offers calculating individual research footprints and do something about it. He assumes that only uniting their forces, people can do significant contribution to reducing the carbon emission. Finally, Brook provides the idea that scientists who preoccupied with the global climate changes should share their knowledge and data about carbon emission and how to reduce it providing leadership on issues of tourism and business actions. Gautier, Catherine, Katie Deutsch and Stacy Rebich. â€Å"Misconceptions About the Greenhouse Effect.† Journal of Geoscience Education. 54. 3 (2006): 386.Advertising Looking for annotated bibliography on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Catherine Gautier, Katie Deutsch and Stacy Rebich in their article present the research directed on defining the misconceptions about climate changes among students. Students were suggested to pass several tests in order to define the level of understanding of such issues as global warming and greenhouse effect The study was conducted in mock summit class on global changes. Having analyzed the results, the scientists understood what methods should be used to overcome misconceptions. The study showed that the majority of misconceptions were maintained through the class and many students had built their own mental models about the greenhouse effect. The authors emphasize that as future citizens of the world, student should be well aware of greenhouse effect and lead a research work in order to prevent its destructive influence on environment. The authors suggest a â€Å"potential role of students in decision making related to global climate change†. Moreover, the task of such s tudents will be to prevent further misconceptions in environmental science. The authors also suggest basic information that students should know. This information is about the gases that constitute greenhouse effect, their qualities (how gas absorb and reemit radiation), etc. This annotated bibliography on Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints was written and submitted by user Howard Saint to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

International Adoption Agencies (U.S.) & Russian Government essays

International Adoption Agencies (U.S.) & Russian Government essays In addition to the children in the United States who need families, there are countless thousands of homeless children in countries scattered around the globe (Klibanoff 166). Consequently, private adoption agencies are expanding their adoption services by entering into the international arena. I will analyze why Russia is a lucrative market for expanding adoption services globally and identify the determinant factors adoption agencies will endure while conducting business globally. In doing so, I will conduct a country profile and examine how Russias political, economic, cultural, social, legal, medical, and geography systems affect international adoption agencies. Lastly, I will discuss how U.S. adoption agencies build alliances with the Russian Government to process international adoptions and examine marketing strategies that are used to implement an international adoption program. Adoptive Families explains the history of adoption. It states: The modern era of international adoption began after the Korean War, when Korean and Amerasian orphans were placed with families living in the United States. Since then, Americans have adopted many thousands of children from Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America. In 2001 alone, U.S. families adopted over 19,000 children from other countries. (41) Each year more American families include a child adopted from another part of the world and children adopted from Russia Federation by American citizens are steadily increasing. In Russia the family is the center of life, and children are the center of the family (Schomp 33). Unfortunately, most city families can only afford to have one child. Although, there is a collective responsibility for Russian children, which is exhibited through over protectiveness, Russian children are often abandoned by parents unable to care for them. Due to the downward economy in Russia, many families cannot par...

The Ultimate Guide to Business Casual for Women

The Ultimate Guide to Business Casual for Women SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips What does a "business casual" dress code even mean for women? Why is it so poorly defined yet so strictly enforced in certain offices? This article will unravel how to dress business casual for women so you can easily select appropriate outfits for the workplace that also suit your personal style. Introduction â€Å"Business casual† is a fairly straightforward dress code for men. You can wear khakis or some other non-jean pant, a button-down shirt, and maybe a sport coat. Pair it with loafers or a similar dress shoe, and you’re done. Business casual for women is a another story. While some women also reach for button-downs and khakis, for many (myself included), button-downs rarely fit well off the rack, and khakis don’t look as nice as darker slacks or a skirt. To fit the business casual dress code for women, you need an outfit that’s not a boring suit or something super fashion-forward and distracting. Since women’s fashion has so many more cuts, styles, and colors than men’s, the average woman has to sift through a daunting number of choices when shopping. Plus, women are scrutinized much more closely for their fashion choices. This has lead to confusion over what women’s business casual fashion is and how to achieve it. This article breaks down what business casual means, gives concrete outfit suggestions, and lists places to shop at a range of price points. Who Is This Guide For? What Is It Designed to Do? This guide is designed to help women put together BC outfits for a new job where they're not yet familiar with the company or its dress code beyond the fact that they're expected to dress â€Å"business casual.† The goal is to make your shopping trips more efficient and productive and help you pick out a few no-fail outfits that are undeniably business casual and professional. We’re also mainly operating in the context of industries that are likely to require a stricter dress code- business, teaching, finance, law. If you’re in a more creative field or a tech environment where you’re not public facing, business casual is likely to lean more toward â€Å"casual.† The outfits in this article may be a touch too formal for your situation. The idea is these outfits will hopefully be formal enough for any workplace (they won’t be too far on the casual side of business casual), and once you get settled in you can grow your wardrobe based on your company’s/workplace’s take on business casual. It’s safer to look slightly too formal than too casual, especially during your first week of work. Also, keep in mind there are cultural differences. Between the US and Japan, for example, the expectations are different. Women can get away with more playful and short dresses and skirts in Japan, but tops in general have to be much more conservative. Just within the US, San Francisco offices tend to be much less formal than NY ones. Because of that, we've chosen to lean towards relatively conservative choices, but we’ll show a range of styles so you can adapt your outfits to your particular location. Re: Dress Codes and Sexism Another point that needs to be addressed before I get into the guide is the fact that women’s dress codes are often unfair and even sexist. There has thankfully been a lot of discussion and activism on this point recently when it comes to school dress codes. However, there hasn’t been as much discussion about this in the workplace, and many guides online to women’s business casual range from condescending at best (don’t dress like you’re hitting the club!) to sexist at worst (weird preoccupation with necklines, lingerie, and pantyhose). I don’t want this to be one of those guides that lists the obvious in a very demeaning way. At the same time, the outfits we have chosen err on the more conservative side of things in the hopes they will work for a variety of workplaces during the first week, whether you’re in a very traditional office or a more casual one. I think it’s unfair that in many cases women have to spend much more time agonizing over wardrobe choices, and I’m hoping this guide takes some of that pressure off. Once you get to know your workplace, you can start wearing things closer to your own style that are still professional and fall under the business casual umbrella. Who I Am You might be thinking, â€Å"who is this person, and what makes her an expert on the business casual dress code, or workplaces in general?† Well, let’s clarify this right away: I’m NOT an expert. I’m a recent college graduate who has worked or interned in a handful of industries (commercial real estate, banking, education, public relations) both during and after college, primarily in Massachusetts. As a visual artist myself, I enjoy and appreciate fashion, but I fall more on the grunge/overly quirky side of things in my daily life. Business casual dress codes are always difficult for me because I feel like I’m spending money on clothes that are no fun. (I can’t wear crop tops fashioned from oversized thrift store t-shirts? I QUIT.) I've struggled with putting together outfits that adhered to each workplace’s rules, were professional, and fit my budget. This guide started out as my own personal quest to see if I could research a no-fail business-casual outfit that didn’t bore me to tears. I was frustrated at the dearth of helpful resources and realized that if I wanted such a guide, I would have to write one myself. Hopefully this guide will be helpful to anyone trying to put together a business casual wardrobe, but I don't intend for any of this to be definitive, end-all be-all advice. Evidence of me rejecting business casual fashion for weirder fare. (Sam Lindsay/All rights reserved) Who I Am Not Now that you know who I am, let me give you a bit of a disclaimer about who I'm not. #1: A professional stylist/fashion blogger- I did have a short-lived fashion blog in college, but it fizzled out when I got busy with other things. I like to think that I have good fashion sense, but I’m by no means an official â€Å"expert†. This guide is designed to be more utilitarian than anything else! #2: Someone with extensive experience in a single industry- I’m not someone who could talk in detail about how business casual applies to a range of law firms, for example, or the difference between working for a start-up or a job at Apple. #3: Your parents/your boss/your teacher/your counselor- Essentially, I obviously don’t have any authority over you! Which means you should take this advice as advice you are getting from a friend. Take the stuff that is helpful to you, leave or ignore the stuff you think is bullshit. Everyone's situation is going to be a little bit different. What Is Business Casual? Before we get into the good stuff, it’s important to understand what business casual is and how it affects dress codes and expectations at work. Business casual started in the 1990s as an outgrowth of â€Å"casual Fridays,† which was adopted in previous decades as a free perk companies could offer to employees to make their offices seem less soul-sucking. The grown of business casual dress codes in white-collar office jobs was spurred on by a combination of the success of Silicon Valley companies and their casually dressed executives, clever marketing by the Dockers brand, and a push toward more comfortable clothing in general during the late twentieth century. From the beginning of business casual, it was always clearly defined for men: replace your suit and tie with khakis or jeans, a button down, and loafers. Maybe add a sweater. You’re done! But for women (for whom workplace dressing has always been tricky!), a business casual dress code was never clearly articulated. It doesn’t help that these days, each workplace has its own spin on business casual. Business casual lies at the intersection between professional and functional. Companies switched to â€Å"business casual† instead of â€Å"casual† for a reason. They want everyone to look professional without requiring a full suit-and-tie combo every day. â€Å"Business casual† doesn’t mean â€Å"we don’t care what you look like.† It means â€Å"we want you to look professional, but we get that dry-cleaning is expensive and wearing suits all the time is annoying.† So how can you put together outfits that straddle the not-formal-but-not-casual line? Especially given that each office is so different? And that expectations for how women dress are already so complex? I think this jacket is probably fine for business casual...or is it just regular casual? Why must I use space in my brain for this 5 Business Casual Rules to Live By Before we offer up some concrete outfit suggestions, here are five rules to keep in mind as you think about your business casual outfits. #1: Business Casual 101- No Stains, Rips, or Wrinkles These mostly go without saying, but avoid anything that looks old, dirty, wrinkled, or stained. Don’t wear sheer or revealing clothing or clothes with obvious logos. Many â€Å"guides to business casual dressing† online stop here, which is unfortunate, because I figure this rule is fairly obvious. One tip- if you have an item of clothing, like a pair of slacks from your high school debate days or a sundress in muted colors, that you think could pass as professional but you’re not sure if it looks too worn, ask a friend or family member for their honest opinion. Getting a pair of fresh eyes can help you spot a stain, wrinkle, or discolored spot that you didn’t notice yourself. #2: Work From the Outside In Make sure you have a professional coat/jacket if you’re wearing one, a bag, and a versatile pair of shoes before you put together your base outfits. Why is this necessary? Imagine this scenario. Your new job starts Monday. You need some business casual pieces, so you go shopping Sunday and manage to find a neat pencil skirt, a blouse you don’t hate, and a tasteful pair of stud earrings. You buy them, and Monday morning you get dressed. You feel comfortable, and you look professional without appearing too stiff or formal. Mission accomplished, right? Until you look outside. It’s freezing, so you pull on a pair of tights and grab your weathered down parka that has survived four years of college. You look around for shoes, and correctly veto your sneakers, TOMs, and going-out heels. That leaves a pair of scuffed black ballet flats. Whatever, no one will be looking at your feet, right? And last, you pick up your trusty Fjallraven backpack before heading out the door. You know you’re working in a cubicle, so you figure you can stash it there as soon as you get into the office. Post-commute, you enter your new office, excited to meet your new coworkers. Their first impression? A college kid in a casual coat and worn shoes, still sporting a backpack. True, once you ditch the coat and backpack, they’ll see your professional new outfit, but that doesn’t erase the fact that their first introduction to you was decidedly more casual than you would have wanted. (And you know what they say about second chances and first impressions.) Instead, what if you spent the money you used for the blouse, skirt, and earrings on a new pair of flats, a smart wool overcoat, and a professional briefcase or purse? Even if underneath you had a slightly more casual sweater and slacks combination, your first impression would be much more impactful and professional. Plus, you will be able to use those accessories for multiple work days, getting way more bang for your buck than a single blouse-and-skirt combo could ever provide. What’s the lesson here? Make sure your coat, bag, and shoes- the first and last thing that your coworkers will see you wearing each day, as well as the pieces that you will recycle each day- are professional and career-oriented. Not only will these pieces elevate all your other work outfits, they will ensure that the very first impression you make is a strong one. Here are some suggestions and guidelines for the types of coats, shoes, and bags you should be on the lookout for in your shopping: Coats Appropriate styles for coats include trenches, wool cuts with shape. You should also steer yourself towards neutral colors and longer lengths. A solid neutral colored coat can work with any outfit you put under it. Flickr/Joseph Kranak Shoes It's worth spending a bit more money on shoes. Go for high quality natural materials like leather and suede, simple styles, and comfort in movement. In general, you should avoid open-toe shoes, though if you live in a warmer climate they are more often accepted. Ballet flats, pumps, and classy boots are all good options. Flickr/ Spera Bags It’s time to retire your Jansport! In business casual for women, choose a bag with a more structured shape (like a laptop bag, satchel, or leather tote) rather than a bucket bag or a fabric tote. Again, a neutral color like black, navy, or beige is better than something really eye-catching since you want the bag to blend in and convey maturity. Your bag should be big enough to comfortably carry your laptop/tablet and whatever else you need to bring into the workplace. A clutch or small purse won't cut it! Flickr/ateodolinda #3: The 50% Rule Each outfit you wear should be half business formal. Remember that business formal is essentially a suit (matched pants/skirt and suit jacket) with a crisp shirt or blouse and professional shoes. The easiest application of this is rule is to pair formal bottoms (slacks or a pencil/straight skirt), with a more casual blouse. (We'll talk about slacks in detail in the outfit section. I don't shy away from controversial topics.) Another easy adaptation is adding a blazer over a dress. You can also try a formal, structured top (a blazer and/or a button down) with khakis or maybe jeans (though it depends on the style and your workplace, as we will discuss later). The 50% rule ensures that your outfit has at least one obviously formal piece, but it gives you the freedom to make the other half of the ensemble slightly more casual and fun. #4: Don’t Dress Like Someone Else If you’re uncomfortable with your outfit, it will show. Pick an outfit template that most closely fits your personal style. I tend towards a more bohemian and quirky aesthetic in my casual dress, which I try to translate into business casual outfits that incorporate interesting patterns in tasteful ways. I like wearing skirts and dresses as business casual options because I think the options for pants are all kind of dull. But if you’re a person who is most comfortable wearing just jeans and a t-shirt on any given day, then you shouldn’t feel compelled to wear a dress or skirt. Although your business casual outfits will never feel as comfortable as a casual outfit or loungewear, you should like the way you look and feel in them. The longer you work somewhere, the more you’ll come to understand that workplace’s specific definition of business casual and incorporate more of your personal style. This guide will get you through the first few weeks when you’re still navigating the new office! Dressing exactly the same as someone else is only acceptable if you're both adorable twin babies. #5: Know Your Colors If you’re buying a new set of clothes, make sure you can mix and match all of them. This gives you the most utility for your money and can be a lifesaver if half of your clothes are in the laundry. For example, if you buy one pair of slacks, one skirt, and three blouses, you should be able to pair each blouse with each bottom. Also, build your wardrobe on your formal pieces, not your casual pieces. Buy blouses that match the bottoms, not the other way around, or a dress that matches your blazer. Finally, choose a color palette that suits you. Your most readily available options for work slacks, skirts, and blazers will be neutral shades like black, navy, olive, grey, and khaki. These will be the easiest shades to use for creating a foundation for the rest of your business casual wardrobe. In my opinion, black is the most versatile (and almost always looks chic), but if you strongly prefer any of the other shades, you can choose to use one of them as a base instead. Flickr/Maria Morri No-Fail Business Casual Outfits The goal of this section is to give you three basic, customizable outfits. You can choose your favorite(s) and then look for clothes you have or buy pieces to build the perfect business casual outfit for your first few days of work! Also, remember that our goal here isn’t necessarily for you to look super fashionable. You want to wear clothes that are universally read as professional and put-together but don’t stand out too much. That way if your outfit skews slightly too formal or too casual, you won’t draw undue attention to yourself. Outfit 1: Pants / Blouse In an ideal world, this would be an incredibly easy outfit to put together, since it’s literally just pants and a top. But the devil is in the details! Pants For the pants, think slacks, in a material like wool crepe or a polyester blend that resembles it. You can go for either ankle or full-length. Look for skinnies, straight leg, or a slight flare. Avoid capris, culottes, super wide flares, low-rise super tight skinnies, and leggings. For the first week, avoid jeans, but if you see your coworkers wearing them, you are of course free to adopt them. Stick to darker washes, and avoid looks that are faded, damaged, and distressed. Also avoid jeans with contrast-color stitching (like American Eagle and Levis), since they look more casual. Blouse What about the blouse? You have two types to choose from: #1: Button Downs: Button downs can be a great choice because they’re universally perceived as â€Å"businessy† tops. However, they do have a downside in that for many women, it can be hard to find a button down that doesn’t have some sort of fit issue. Especially if you have a larger chest, button downs that fit perfectly in all areas without being custom tailored are basically unicorns. #2: Non Button Down: The benefits to non-button down shirts include more variety, no contention with gaping buttons, and more comfort overall. The issue on this side of things is that it’s a challenge to find blouses that aren’t too casual, sheer, or loud in their design. Lots of people run into the paradox of choice here because there are many, many options and it can be unclear which are appropriate. Here are some guidelines for the types of blouses you should choose for a business casual outfit: Has sleeves - Some workplaces will allow nice sleeveless blouses, but to be safe you should stick to designs with sleeves until you get confirmation on the policy. Relatively conservative color - Jewel tones and pastels are great, but nothing neon, no super loud prints. Not see-through - If a shirt is sheer, have something to easily layer beneath it that doesn’t look sloppy or bulky. Not too many extra details - In general, you should avoid sheer panels or lace cut-outs. One fun detail like decorative buttons should be okay, but decorative buttons plus a giant bow plus a lace hemline will look a little too garish for the workplace. If it feels boring, you can use accessories to spice things up. Sweaters: Yes or No? If a blazer and slacks or a skirt is the most common business formal outfit for women, some people say that slacks and a sweater is a standard business casual outfit. However, sweaters are tricky because they don’t work in all climates, and they run the risk of looking too casual compared to a tailored blouse. Furthermore, sweaters can show their wear pretty quickly thanks to shrinking or stretching, loose threads, and fading dye. That’s why I'm focusing more on blouses and blazers as opposed to sweaters, but if you really like wearing them, feel free to mix in some cardigans or other classy sweaters! Shoes and Accessories As discussed above, your outside choice- coat, shoes, and bag- are crucial pieces. In addition to these, you might also consider: Subtle jewelry A watch A silk scarf A low-key manicure Here are a few examples of business casual outfits that follow the pants/blouse model: Outfit 2: Skirt/Blouse Your second option is similar to the first, but replaces the pants with a skirt! Skirt When choosing a skirt, you should (at least initially) stick with options that don’t have too many bells and whistles and aren’t too short. A length just above the knee or even longer is ideal if you want to err on the more conservative side of things. The shape of the skirt is also something to consider. If you want to look professional, straight or pencil skirts are safe bets. Most A-line skirts will also work as long as they’re not too puffy. Puffy skirts can have a princess-like look that might seem too casual or immature for certain office environments. Again, neutral colors are smart choices because you’ll be able to pair the skirt with a variety of different blouses, although subtly patterned skirts can also be great options as long as they’re an appropriate length and style. Blouse For advice on choosing blouses, see the discussion in the previous section! Shoes and Accessories Again, you can incorporate some classy accessories into your look if you feel like it’s too plain. A small pop of bright color against a neutral outfit always looks nice, and it’s a way of making things more interesting without undermining the professionalism of the look as a whole. Sticking to just one accessory at first is a smart idea. Here are examples of appropriate skirt/blouse combos (some including nice sweaters as an extra layer): Outfit 3: Dress/Blazer Our final standby outfit is quite different from the others, but offers a bit more playfulness and room to experiment! Dress In choosing a dress for a business casual look, you should be on the lookout for styles with hems that fall just above the knee or lower. Shift and A-line dresses are safe bets as long as they’re an appropriate length and not too flimsy or excessively tight. Avoid sundresses, cocktail dresses, dresses with super loud prints, and dresses with cutouts. Necklines should be high cut rather than a deep V or wide neck. It’s best to assume that sleeveless dresses are off limits as well until you know otherwise. You can still wear one, but be prepared to leave your blazer on over it in the office. Blazer Ah, the blazer- that piece of clothing which seems to universally scream â€Å"business!† Since we’re in the realm of business casual for women, you don’t need to worry about getting a fancy-schmancy, lined, tailored blazer (though you can if you want to). Instead, just focus on finding a fit and color you like. Again, stick to a neutral color. It will match with a variety of outfits and won’t be too much of a distraction in the workplace. Save your hot pink blazer for after you’ve settled in and proven yourself. Also, try on different lengths. Blazers range from waist-length to hip-length to tunic-style. You may decide that one style suits you better than another. As with the other pieces in this guide, lean toward more conservative cuts (i.e. nothing super short or sleeveless) Also, don’t be afraid to bargain-shop. I found a simple black blazer at Forever 21 for probably less than $20 once, and I’ve used it to â€Å"class up† my outfits for years. You don’t have to splurge to look stylish. Although, in general, Forever 21 is probably not the best place to go to find durable professional wear. Shoes and Accessories The shoes you get to match this type of outfit depends on your personal style, but ankle boots, ballet flats, and pumps are all good options. Shoes in neutral colors are your best bet because you can wear them with a variety of different outfits. You might also choose to accessorize with one or two subtle pieces of jewelry that echo the color palette of the rest of your outfit. Here are a few examples of office-appropriate outfits that incorporate dresses and blazers (or cardigans): Adapting Business Casual for Summer and Winter Finding appropriate business casual outfits is made even more difficult if you live in an area with drastic temperature fluctuations from season to season. Here are some tips on how to adapt your business casual for women style so you can stay comfortable throughout these climate changes. How to Dress Business Casual in Summer Summer is especially difficult time to dress for work, since outside temperatures make traditional office staples like long slacks, tights, and long-sleeved shirts uncomfortable. At the same time, many of us have to deal with freezing temperatures inside the office thanks to aggressive air-conditioning. So what can you do to cope with the temperature whiplash? #1: Look for Light, Natural Fabrics Time to start reading clothing labels! When shopping for summer work clothes, go for natural fabrics like cotton and linen instead of polyester or polyester blends, because they’re less breathable. Also make sure to avoid heavier natural fabrics like wool. #2: Check the Sleeveless Policy Be careful about going sleeveless unless other coworkers do it! If it’s your first week in a new office, don’t assume it’s acceptable, but if you’ve worked there for a while and you know it won’t be objectionable, sleeveless dresses and blouses are a great way to stay cool. If you do go sleeveless, make sure you still follow all the basic business casual rules- no sheer fabrics, relatively conservative colors- and avoid anything strapless. #3: Ditch the Tights/Pantyhose You can definitely skip tights and pantyhose in the summer (unless you happen to work in a very traditional office), but keep your skirt and dress lengths conservative. Just above the knee or lower is fine, but avoid anything that veers into mini-skirt or mini-dress territory for work. #4: Investigate Sandal Options Thick leather loafers or closed-toe heels that were comfortable in cold weather might not be your favorite choice for summer. Scout out what other women in your office are wearing (are open-toed shoes ok based on what you see?). Summer friendly options include: Canvas slip-ons (even toms, depending on the office) Espiradilles Sandals in neutral colors Make sure to avoid shoes that look too casual, including flip flops and sneakers. #5: Bring Some Layers! Like we mentioned earlier, your office AC might make you cold during the day despite an uncomfortably warm commute. It’s smart to have a cardigan or blazer on hand that you can slip on if things get too chilly. If you pick one in a neutral shade like black, grey, or navy that matches all your work outfits, you only have to worry about having one! Just make sure to avoid any layers that look too casual, like hoodies or denim jackets. Or Snuggies. How to Dress Business Casual in Winter On the flip side, it can be difficult to deal with colder temperatures in winter, not to mention slogging through rain and/or snow to get to work. The good news is that more traditional office wear- pants, blazers, tights or pantyhose, wool materials- tend to keep you warmer than casual clothes. The challenge is shoring up your outfits with additional layers to keep you warm, investing in durable shoes, and finding warm but professional coats. If You Drive... Since you don’t have to cope with slogging through ice and snow, you might be able to get away with skipping winter boots and a parka. That said, if it’s freezing, no one will judge you for wearing a parka into the office or arriving in your snow boots as long as you slip into more office-appropriate footwear once you're inside. If You Commute/Walk... Definitely wear all the layers of clothes and shoes you need to get to work safely and warmly- parka, snow boots, scarf, mittens, etc. You can keep a pair of dress shoes at the office to change into when you get there. Consider wearing tights or long underwear under your work clothes, including your slacks, to help keep warm. You can even double up on tights for extra insulation! Where to Shop for Business Casual Outfits for Women So where do you go to find all this stuff? There’s a ton of options out there. I’ll categorize some of the best places to look for business casual clothes for women by price range so you can make smart decisions about where to begin your shopping. Lowest price point Target Old Navy HM Nordstrom Rack T. J. Maxx Macy's Kohl's JCPenney Dressbarn Medium price point The Gap Express The Limited Ann Taylor Modcloth Banana Republic Dillard's Nordstrom Talbots ASOS Zara Topshop UNIQLO j. jill High price point Anthropologie Calvin Klein Nordstrom J. Crew (suiting collection) Joie Boden Brooks Brothers Club Monaco Moving Forward: How to Take Style Cues from Your Office As you settle into your new office, you can start to tailor (heh) your wardrobe to fit the company culture rather than sticking with generic business casual looks. Here are a few tips on how to use your observations in the office to inform subtle outfit updates that will make a positive impact on the image you present at work. #1: Observe How Management/High-Performers Dress You know the old saying â€Å"dress for the job you want, not the job you have?† It’s actually good advice. You don’t want your work outfits to be just formal enough that they’re barely considered appropriate. You want build an overall professional, competent image for yourself. One tip in that regard is to pay particular attention to how managers and/or high-performers at your job present themselves. If you dress similarly, you're likely to be seen as one of the more focused, driven members of the team as well. #2: Don’t Completely Copy Outfits- Create Your Own Spin-Offs On the flip side, you shouldn’t carbon-copy someone else’s style, especially if it’s quite different from what you normally wear! It’s awkward, and it might suggest that you lack your own creativity or gusto. Look at how other people dress, and think about how you can create your own variations on their outfits that aligns with your personal style. #3: Pay Attention to Weekly Patterns Do people dress down on Friday? Are there specific events where people are dressed more formally (important meetings etc), or does everyone maintain the same level of formality all week? By paying attention to these cues, you’ll ensure that your outfits never look too formal or too casual. #4: Determine If Day-to-Night Transferability Is Important Some offices require you to attend work dinners or events where you're expected to dress more formally, while others focus solely on dressing for the 9-5. When in doubt, stray towards more formal looks! #5: Don’t Try to Pioneer New Office Fashion Trends (Unless You Work in a Creative Field) Even if there’s an event like a company party or dinner or fundraiser, and you’re not sure how to dress for it, you should lean toward more formal and business-y looks rather than either casual or overly dressy. It’s probably not the best time to break out your new pink faux fur jacket and light up sneakers or your full-length ball gown. I do love this jacket though. (Flickr/kelly) Business Casual for Women: Key Tips and Reliable Styles Business casual dress codes are extremely common in office environments, but it can be hard to sort out what's appropriate when you have so many different styles to choose from. Here's a quick recap of the guidelines established in this article. First, the five rules to live by when dressing for a business casual workplace: #1: No clothes with stains, rips, or wrinkles#2: Dress from the outside in (start with staple pieces like shoes, coats, and bags)#3: Follow the 50% rule- half of your outfit should be formal pieces#4: Don't dress too far out of your comfort zone#5: Start with a neutral color foundation (navy, khaki, olive green, black, or grey) Three outfit combinations that, given certain style constraints, will always be appropriate include: #1: Pants with a blouse#2: A skirt with a blouse#3: A dress with a blazer As you get more comfortable in your new office, you can adapt the rules to fit with the specific policies put in place by your company. Over time, you'll be able to personalize your business casual looks to match more with your personal style in casual dress.

Research report assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research report assignment - Essay Example xpect and accept that power is distributed unequally† (Hofstede) as exemplified in Japan manifests the recognition of inequality in power structure that reverberates in the business applications. As explicitly disclosed, â€Å"some foreigners experience Japan as extremely hierarchical because of their business experience of painstakingly slow decision making process: all the decisions must be confirmed by each hierarchical layer and finally by the top management in Tokyo† (Hofstede par. 4). Therefore, in Japan, decision-making is expected to be based on more group consensus and structural hierarchical levels are observed prior to the approval of the man on the top of the organizational structure. The dimension of individualism is construed as the â€Å"the degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members† (Hofstede par. 5). It was thereby acknowledged that Japanese culture is more collectivists than individualists. In the scale that compares U.S. dimensions of culture with that of Japan, it was clearly apparent that the U.S. manifests predominance in individualism, with a score of 91 as compared to Japan’s 46. As such, the following characteristics were noted to manifest collectivism: U.S.’s 62. This is indicative of a society and culture that is â€Å"driven by competition, achievement and success, with success being defined by the winner / best in field – a value system that starts in school and continues throughout organizational behavior† (Hofstede par. 7). Likewise, according to DHerbais, et al., â€Å"the (almost) complete absence of expressed emotion, feelings and spontaneity during interactions dominates Japanese organizations. Respect for elders in Japanese Japan scored extremely high in uncertainty avoidance (92), indicating their aversion for uncertainty. Accordingly, it is reported that it takes a lot of time for Japanese to undertake new projects due to the need to be certain of all aspects and facets that influence them. As

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 8

Case Study Example The criminal justice policies in the United States of America are guided by the 1967 Presidents Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice. One of the greatest and ground breaking achievements of this group was the publication of a report named The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society (Cole Smith & DeJong, 2014). The report has over 200 recommendations pertaining to the US Criminal Justice policies. These recommendations were a part of the comprehensive approach of the commission towards preventing and fighting against the crime in the country. Few of the recommendations made by the commission could find their place in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. It was advocated by The President’s Commission that with those recommendations the coordination between the enforcement force, courts and the correctional agencies has seen a great improvement. It is pointed by the Commission that criminal justice is the mean through which both society and the individuals in the country is protected from any crime. The crime committed was a robbery. The victim, Mr. Milton Brown, was robbed at the gunpoint by two assailants named Bertha Bloutt and William Bloutt in Broadway and First Avenue on 11 October 2011. The assailants have robbed the cash that Mr. Brown was taking from the daily deposits of his store BJ Shoes along with his wallet and the car keys1. Mr. Brown reported this crime to Winston police department. It is mandatory that all the criminal justice process follow a sequential approach to reach the justice2. In this section of the essay the sequence of the criminal justice system will be discussed based upon the chosen case study involving the robbery of cash from Milton Brown and the accused are Bertha Bloutt and William Bloutt. Mr. Brown reported the crime for which he became the victim to the Winston police department, which Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 30 Case Study Example Customers have since identified the company with high-quality products. The wide range of products ensured they capture a large market share. The company has sought to market its brand using several methods that have seen it grow profoundly. With only about two decades since its inception, the management team has tirelessly worked to see the business gain dominance in the industry. With over $200 million invested each year for the last five years, the company has entrenched itself quite well in the market. The management realized that spending considerably in sport sponsorship as well as in advertisements would make it identify itself in the target market. This has since been done through organizing and sponsoring numerous sport events. In the process, printed jerseys with the company logo have caught the targeted customers’ attention. Additionally, the company has used several media platforms to advertise and reach out to their target market. Electronic media have been mounting intensive campaigns that seek to promote the company’s brand and ‘Protect This House’ is among them. UnderAmour understands that having clear and effective distribution channels is critical to market success. It is for this reason that it has availed its products in over twenty five thousand retail outlets all over the globe. A large portion of UnderAmour’s products pass through wholesale before getting to the retailers who avail them to the consumers. Between 2011 and 2013, large sales of about seventy percent came from the intermodal sales made to large store retailers. Moreover, the company also engages in ‘direct to consumer sales’. This involves enabling consumers to directly acquire the products from the stores within the factory. An equally big percentage has been recorded through this; the highest being thirty percent. Worth noting is the e commerce trade in which customer can order or products and shop online. The company has also

Essay --

On October 29th, 1929 the stock market crashed in the United States. This day was known as Black Tuesday, the day which signaled the beginning of the Great Depression. In the most tragic day in the American nation’s stock market history with major wipe outs in market, the values and prices of stocks plummeted due to shareholders liquidation of stocks which had to be sold at any price necessary (New York Times of October 30, 1929). By the year 1933, a quarter of American families, who were heavily dependent on their jobs, were unemployed. Unemployment levels had reached an unprecedented high level, adding hardship to the lives of the American people. Many people at that time were forced out of their homes and onto the streets as they lost their jobs or were forced to work at jobs which barely allowed them to provide food, much less payments on a house. Millions of people moved into what were commonly referred to as â€Å"Shanty towns† or â€Å"Hooverville’s†, as the president at the time was Herbert Hoover, who was not popular amongst the American people and was widely blamed for the start of the depression. City streets filled with breadlines, soup kitchen lines, people looking for food, and then the unemployment lines kept growing out the door and into the streets. The American men would leave their families to travel and look for employment in the farm lands across the countries in order to provide for their families. In some cases they would not come into contact with their family in months. This fractured the structure of family lives. The American people became quickly frustrated with the little to no improvement of the situation and the effort which President Hoover was putting into the relief of the economic situation. Come 1932 t... ...ad now fully become a part of the war effort. With the idea of isolationism long gone with the attack on Pearl Harbor, America quickly began to rise back to its feet still suffering from the Great Depression. The countries economy rose as well as the steel industry, companies such as Ford who closed their Rouge plant in Detroit which promised many jobs during the Great Depression responded to war production by creating jobs for thousands of Americans. With the building of naval ships, tanks and planes the economy of the United States began to notice a rapidly increasing economy. As seen in the chart below, American unemployment rates fell drastically from the years 1940 to 1945 which marked the end of the war. According to Robert S. McElvaine â€Å"The buildup of 1940-41 did more to relive American industry and reduce unemployment than had any New Deal Program† (320).